漢代匈奴種族問題

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Title:	漢代匈奴種族問題
Authors:	耿振華
Contributors:	臺北市立教育大學歷史與地理學系
Keywords:	匈奴漢代種族
Date:	1991
Issue Date:	2009-07-20 15:10:25 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	中文摘要　　　　　匈奴是最早見於中國正史系統記載的外族，它的人種問題，一直存在著爭議。然而只要釐清匈奴帝國封建部落中「匈奴別種」與匈奴單于族「攣鞮氏」(或稱虛連題氏)種屬間的二者差異，匈奴人種問題便可以在時空範圍內加以固定，漢代匈奴種族問題亦得以迎刃而解。雖則匈奴帝國的部落封建型態，及其對外族進行劫掠時的麻雜寰事組織，都易造成氏族與氏族之間的血統融合。但就單于王位繼承方式「必立宗種」的嚴格規制及單于婚姻制度的封閉性質來看，匈奴單于氏族的種屬問題，是可以由文獻、考古、語言和風俗習慣得到正確合理的估測。本文分列四章: 第一章前言。說明匈奴時空範圍的界定及輔助學科的運用，有助於研究種屬問題。第二章匈奴先世及其後代族屬的資料考訂。則排比史料，說明文獻傳說中以為匈奴出於漢族乃係出於人名與族名的混稱;而經由語言學對音方式的分析，匈奴單于王族應屬於阿爾泰系語族，與匈奴帝國其他部落的人種不一定相同。第三章匈奴本部族屬的種族封閉性及其與異種部落問的聯繫關係。則就匈奴單于王位繼承制度及單于族婚姻制度的血緣封閉性，說明匈奴攣鞮氏族的種屬純粹性。第四章結語:漢代匈奴種屬及其崛起過程與消散原因的再探討。釐清匈奴帝國的封建部落種屬與匈奴單于王室血統的差異，並以考古人骨分析資料證明漢代匈奴為阿爾泰系語族的蒙古大人種，在人種及語言方面較接近後世的突厥族。英文摘要　　　　　There has been existed in controversies about Hsiung-Nu tribes which wasthe earliest foreign race written in Chinese official histories. It is neededto make it clear that the Hsiung-Nu tribes were different from Chan-yu raceamong the other aboriginal feudal tribes. We are also have to orientate their activity territories and time periods in order to resolve the complex problemsabout Hsiung-Nu empire during Han Dynasty. Hsiung-Nu tribes were used to invade the foreign people by armed forces,but then blended with one another for their posterity in result. Ve found Chanyu tribes had a severe marriage system and the succession of kinghood waslimited to the same clan. From the studies of their language, custom, documentsand archaeology, it is not so difficult to get a reasonable judgement to thebelongingness of Chan-yu tribes. Four parts of this paper are listed as below: 1.Foreword--limit the sphere of this study and the concerned subjects used as aids. 2.Verification--Hsiung-Nu tribes would be a branch of Altaic people, and were different from other tribes in its empire. 3.Specificity--Closed custom and marriage restriction as well as the limited succession of kinghood maintained its race purity. 4.Conclusion--Clarify the origin of Hsiung-Nu tribes were belonging to Mongol race, nearer to Turkish people in the age afterwards.
Relation:	臺北市立師範學院學報, 22, p.239-254
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Social Studies Education] Periodical Articles

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